Corso di laurea magistrale in Fisica

The course aims to increase the knowledge achieved during the Bachelor's degree on some topics of General Physics of particular interest according to Physics of Environment and Physics of Advanced Technologies. The chosen topics deal with fluid physics on a small and large scale, characterization and production of x-rays, the physics of acoustics and to its various applications in fundamental and applied research, as well as to instruments and methods to measure the sound.

The student is expected to demonstrate a solid theoretical mastery of fundamentals of Physics, related to explained topics. At the end of the lectures, the student will have an in-depth understanding of theory and experimental techniques of general physics, which increase and/or reinforce those of the Bachelor Degree, as indicated in the educational program included in the SUA profile.

The student has to possess good knowledge of the main technical applications of analyzed physical phenomena and about their use within different research fields. The student must know how to use scientific literature to skillfully discuss current developments of certain researches.

The course is composed of 28 hours of lectures for the first module, and 20 hours of lectures for the second.

The course is distributed in attendance.

The teaching material will be published on Moodle (https://elearning.unito.it/scienzedellanatura/course/).

In the event of a new Covid emergency, video recordings of synchronous / asynchronous lessons will be made available and regular meetings will be organized via Webex meetings

• Communication with students takes place through e-mail and requires registration on the Campusnet web page of the teaching course.

WebEx :

• M.Pia Bussa   - https://unito.webex.com/meet/mariapia.bussa
• M. Destefanis - https://unito.webex.com/meet/marcogiovannimaria.destefanis

The examination is oral.

During the examination, the student will be asked to demonstrate its ability to draw together and expositive clarity, discussing the main topics schematically and by means of formulas.

The remote examination will be performed by means of a colloquium following the Dean recommendations, which are available at the intranet page of the University. The examination will occur on the Webex platform.

1) Stress and Deformation fundamentals: strain and stress tensors. Hooke’s law and elastic moduli for homogeneous isotropic materials. Elastic wave propagation. Introduction to reology

2) Surface Phenomena fundamentals: Surface and Interfacial tension. Laplace law: bubbles and drops. Contact angles, Young equation, wetting, tensioactive materials. Capillarity and Jurin law

3) Transport Phenomena fundamentals: Newton’s law of Viscosity, Fourier’s law of Heat Conduction, Fick’s law of Diffusion, Ohm’s law of conduction. Flows and convention.

4) )X-rays and Diffraction Optics: Main characteristic of X-rays. Field of a point charge at rest and moving with uniform velocity; Radiation from an accelerated or decelerated charged particle; Maxwell equation and Lienard –Wiechert potentials; Larmor law ; Radiation spectra and spatial distributions; Spectral distribution of X-ray radiation.  Main characteristic of the synchrotron radiation: time structure, angular distribution, frequency distribution.  Bending magnet, Wigglers, Undulators, characteristics of the radiation  for such insertion devices.  X-rays detectors. Scattering, Diffraction and Absorption of X-rays. Characteristics of the electromagnetic Waves an X-rays.

5) The wave equation. Plane and spherical waves. Properties and directivity of acoustic sources. Acoustic impedance. Transmission, reflection, refraction of waves. Acoustic properties of materials: absorption, air- and structure-borne sound reduction. Room acoustics: normal modes, statistical theory, geometrical acoustics. Measurement quantities and units. Measurement transducers and instruments. Introduction to physical properties of ultrasound. Ultrasound fields. Cavitation and sonoluminescence. Ultrasound transducers. Biomedical and industrial applications of ultrasound.

6) Introduction and terminology. Psychoacoustics. Fundamental quantities and units.Sound absorption.Acoustics insulation. Sould field in enclosures.Sound propagation. Acoustic measurements

Detailed textbooks are suggested during the lectures and other materials (slides, copies, exercises) are available on the platform Moodle.

R. Garfagnini, “Appunti alle Lezioni del corso di Raggi X e Ottica Diffrattiva”, 2009

L. D. Landau, E. M. Lifshitz, “The Classical Theory of Fields”, 4 th Ed., Pergamon -; NY, 1985

W. Heitler, “The Quantum Theory of Radiation”, Claredon -; Oxford, 1954

J. D. Jakcson, “Classical Electrodynamics”, Wiley -; NY, 1975

W. Schwinger et al., “Classical Electrodynamics”, Westview Press -; Boulder Colorado, 2002

H. Wiedmann, “Syncrhrotron Radiation”, Springer -; NY, 2002

E. Hecht, “Optics”, 3 rd Ed., Addison Wesley, 1998

L. Mandel, E. Wolf, “Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics”, Cambridge University Press, 1995

Manuale di Acustica Applicata  a cura di R.Spagnolo  edizioni CittàStudi (www.utetuniversita.it)